The processor is the heart of any computer, as its quality is crucial to what the computer can actually do. Currently, the market is dominated by the two manufacturers Intel and AMD, but because these have brought regular processor families on the market, the user quickly loses the overview.
It depends on the purpose
This diversity is due, among other things, that the processors develop their strengths in different applications. While some processors primarily ensure a fast and smooth gaming experience, others are designed more for graphics and video applications. And finally there are the multi-talents, which are preferably used on computers on which mainly office applications are worked.
The development at a glance
The most important step towards the development of modern processors took place between the 1930s and the 1950s, when the electromagnetic calculators were replaced by tube computers and later by transistors. Finally, in the 1970s, the microprocessor was developed, combining all important functions in a very small space. Since then, it has been possible to develop ever more powerful processors - in the 1980s, experts even assumed that computer performance would grow exponentially. In the meantime, however, this growth has slowed down considerably. New processors currently only deliver a single-digit percentage increase in performance.
But the next quantum leap already seems to be on the horizon. Developers are betting on carbon as the material of the future. As soon as it is possible to replace switches, conductors and transistors with carbon nanotubes, the next big step in the development of processors is expected.
These are the current processors at a glance:
Pentium 3 and 4
The Pentium family was established by Intel in 1993 as the successor to the i486 CPU series. The first Pentium was followed by other processors with this designation such as the Pentium III and 4.
The Pentium III was introduced in February 1999. It differs from its predecessor, the Pentium II, by the integrated SSE unit, which enables fast floating-point operations. Successor models could not completely replace the Pentium III, especially in notebooks, because of their high power consumption. Therefore, the Pentium M was developed for these devices on the basis of this processor, which was used in notebooks from 2003.
In November 2000, the Pentium 4 appeared. The main difference compared to the predecessor is that here in the development, attention was paid primarily to the SSE performance and a high clock frequency. With this processor, a new microarchitecture was also introduced.
Dual Core
The dual core is a processor that manages the various program requests on two cores. Because one request is handled by each, two requests can be processed almost simultaneously. Multi-core processors were introduced starting in 2005.
Quad Core
A quad core is a processor with four cores. These were introduced about a year after the Dual Cores and allow almost four times the processing speed compared to the single core processor.
Core i-series
The Core i-series was introduced by Intel starting in 2008 and has been continuously developed. The current models are based on the Haswell microarchitecture introduced in 2013. The abbreviations i3, i5 and i7 are used to classify the processors into different classes with various features. The flagship of these processors is currently the i7, which is built into high-end devices.
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Intel is building hard on its processors.
